We invite you to a series of lectures on quantum programming conducted by Prof. Volodymyr Tkachuk from Ivan Franko National University of Lviv. The lectures are a continuation of the December session. The lectures are part of project no. RID/SP/0050/2024/1, funded by the Ministry of Science under the "Regional Initiative of Excellence" program https://cdnit.uz.zgora.pl/en/home/
Schedule and lecture summaries:
January 20, 2025 (Monday), hour 10:45 (1.5 hours) – Room 110, Building A29
Lecture 1: Evolution of quantum states
We formulate the final postulate of quantum mechanics, which addresses the dynamics of quantum systems. We introduce the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, describing the unitary evolution of pure quantum states. The time-independent Schrödinger equation, which characterizes stationary quantum states, is subsequently derived. Furthermore, we explore the evolution of mixed states. Finally, we present a unified formal framework of quantum mechanics that encompasses all the postulates.
January 20, 2025 (Monday), hour 16:45 (1.5 hours) – Room 110, Building A29
Lecture 2: Multi-state quantum systems
So far, we have focused on two-state quantum systems (quantum bits). All the results discussed can be generalized to multi-state quantum systems. We demonstrate the transition from describing the states of quantum systems using vectors to using wave functions. Additionally, we define measures of information in both classical and quantum contexts and explore the question of the maximum density of information storage.
January 21, 2025 (Tuesday), hour 12:30 (1.5 hours) – Room 106, Building A29
Lecture 3: Decoherence of quantum states
We examine the phenomenon of quantum state decoherence, which presents a significant challenge to building fully functional multi-qubit quantum computers. We analyze the decoherence of a single quantum bit (spin). As an example of the decoherence of a multi-qubit system, we study the decoherence of Schrödinger's cat. We demonstrate that the more quantum bits a system contains, the exponentially faster decoherence occurs.
January 24, 2025 (Friday), hour 10:00 (1.5 hours) – Room 110, Building A29
Lecture 4: Quantum computer. Quantum gates
A quantum computer operates using qubits and utilizes the quantum properties of nature to perform calculations. To manipulate the states of qubits, one-qubit and two-qubit quantum gates are employed. In this lecture, we review the quantum gates introduced in previous sections and introduce new ones. These gates enable the creation of the quantum protocols necessary for quantum computing.
Superposition and entanglement form the foundation of the quantum computational advantage over classical systems. The art of quantum programming lies in using these properties to achieve quantum advantage. Historically, the first algorithm that demonstrated the superiority of a quantum computer over a classical one was the Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm, which determines whether a function is constant or balanced.
